AI – ‘Imhotep was a polymath with key accomplishments including designing and building the Step Pyramid of Djoser, the world’s first known monumental stone building. He was also a highly respected physician who likely contributed to the first known medical texts, which detailed surgical procedures and plant-based remedies. Beyond architecture and medicine, Imhotep was a senior official for Pharaoh Djoser, serving as a chancellor and high priest, and his immense wisdom led to his later deification as a god of medicine and wisdom. Architectural accomplishments

• Designed the Step Pyramid of Djoser: Served as the chief architect for the pharaoh Djoser, designing and overseeing the construction of his tomb, the Step Pyramid at Saqqara.
• First monumental stone building: The Step Pyramid was the first known monumental structure built of hewn stone and is considered a revolution in architecture.
• Pioneered stone columns: He is credited with the first known use of stone columns to support a building. 

Medical accomplishments

• Respected physician: Imhotep was considered a chief physician and healer, with evidence suggesting he may have founded the first medical school in Memphis.
• Authored medical texts: He likely wrote medical texts, such as the Edwin Smith Papyrus, which contains the oldest known surgical treatise and details practical treatments for various ailments.
• Bridged magic and medicine: His medical practice may have been one of the first to move from purely magical remedies toward more practical, evidence-based treatments, especially for trauma like broken bones. 

Other accomplishments

• High-ranking official: He served as Chancellor, vizier, and chief of scribes to Pharaoh Djoser.
• High priest: Held the title of High Priest of Heliopolis.
• Deified status: Imhotep’s wisdom and contributions were so profound that he was later deified as a god of medicine, wisdom, and scribes in both Egypt and Greece.’

See also:

• Robert Bauval | Imhotep the African | Architect of the Cosmos | Origins Conference: Robert Bauval | Imhotep the African | Architect of the Cosmos | Origins Conference

Website Name	Focus	Key Features
Google Arts & Culture	Global art, history, and cultural exhibits	Virtual museum walks, high-resolution artwork images, curated stories on global cultures, and historical events.
Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History (The Met)	Art history across global cultures and time periods	Pairs scholarly essays and specific works of art with historical chronologies, providing deep context on global culture.
Smarthistory	Art history education	Excellent for learning about the history of art in a clear, accessible format, widely used as an educational resource.
The Art Story	Modern art movements and artists	Timelines, overviews of major art movements, and detailed artist biographies and ideas.
WikiArt	Extensive art encyclopedia and image gallery	Large collection of artworks with information on artists and movements, useful for browsing and research.
The Getty	Museum collections, conservation, and research	Resources on art conservation, research, and collections, offering scholarly insights.

These websites offer a blend of high-quality visuals, expert analysis, and historical context, making them excellent resources for exploring the intersection of art and human civilization. 

I recommend watching the following lectures. If like me, you did not know what these expert speakers reveal about the history of the African Continent in Ancient times, then what you learn is likely to alter your perspective about African civilizations and where the ancient Egyptians came from.

I first began to wonder about this when in the Summer, I came across Adam’s Calender in South Africa by chance, and then became aware of Nabta Playa. See my blog – ‘Challenging conventional wisdom about the past – How far back in time does Antiquity actually go?’

The migration to Egypt began in furthest antiquity, in the Horn of Africa – apparently induced by climate change.

In the first talk you will see an image of a stone at Nabta Playa in the Sahara.

Nabta Playa’s megalithic structures, including its stone circle, were built between approximately 4800 BC and 3600 BC, with the earliest alignments possibly dating to around 6270 BC.

The Dynastic Period of Ancient Egypt, began with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt at around 3100 BCE, and lasted until the Persian conquest in 343 BCE). 

Geologist Robert Schoch estimates that the Sphinx is much older than mainstream estimates.

His minimum estimate being around 7,000 years ago, and more realistically around 12,000 years ago.

While archaeological discoveries have revealed evidence of Neolithic settlements and farming communities dating back to this period 7,000 – 12,000 years ago in the region of the Nile Delta, which demonstrate an emerging level of societal organization and complexity, these were not the highly urbanized, state-level civilizations with monumental architecture like the later Dynastic periods. They were sophisticated Neolithic societies that formed the foundation for the later, and more complex civilization of ancient Egypt. 

If Robert Schoch is correct, then the Sphinx could not have been built by those who built the stone monuments at Nabta Playa, i.e. because they did not live in the region of the Nile Delta, nor by those living in a Neolitihc settlement, because according to archaeologists, the the people who inhabited the the Nile Delta at that time, did not erect any monuments.

So, who built the Sphinx?

See:

• The Africanity of Ancient Egypt: Huggins Lectures by Christopher Ehret:The Africanity of Ancient Egypt: Huggins Lectures by Christopher Ehret – YouTube
• The “Origins” of Early Egypt: Asian, European or African?: The “Origins” of Early Egypt: Asian, European or African? – YouTube
• The Manuscripts and Intellectual Legacy of Timbuktu: The Manuscripts and Intellectual Legacy of Timbuktu
• Ancient Nubia Part 1: Pre- Kerma – Kingdoms of Kush: Ancient Nubia Part 1: Pre- Kerma – Kingdoms of Kush
• W. E. B. Du Bois Lectures by Michael Gomez: W. E. B. Du Bois Lectures by Michael Gomez
• Joe Rogan – Robert Schoch Explains Sphinx Water Erosion Hypothesis: Joe Rogan – Robert Schoch Explains Sphinx Water Erosion Hypothesis
• Dr. Robert Schoch about the Sphinx Water Erosion Hypothesis: Dr. Robert Schoch about the Sphinx Water Erosion Hypothesis #mystery #egypt #shorts – YouTube

My 1^st Q. – ‘How was the concept of harmonious proportions symbolized and represented in ancient art and monuments?’

AI – ‘In ancient art and monuments, harmonious proportions were symbolised as a reflection of cosmic order and divine perfection, using specific mathematical ratios and geometric principles like the Golden Ratio (Phi) and the canon of proportions. These systems created aesthetically pleasing and balanced designs that resonated with the natural world and spiritual ideals. 

Key Principles and Symbolism

• Reflection of Cosmic Order: Ancient Greek philosophers and mathematicians, such as the Pythagoreans and Plato, believed that the mathematical ratios found in art were a manifestation of universal laws and a deeper connection between the human body (microcosm) and the universe (macrocosm).
• Aesthetic Balance and Beauty: The primary goal of using specific proportions was to achieve harmonia (Greek for agreement or concord), a sense of visual and structural balance that was inherently pleasing to the eye and the mind.
• Divine Proportion: The “Golden Ratio,” or “Divine Proportion” (approximately 1.618), was believed to carry spiritual or metaphysical significance, representing a “universal law” of beauty and order found in nature.
• Idealised Forms: In sculpture, these ratios were used to depict idealized human forms, aiming to capture not just a physical likeness but also virtues like balance, strength, and inner goodness that mirrored the perfection of the gods. 

Representation in Ancient Monuments and Art

Ancient Greece

• The Parthenon: This iconic temple in Athens is often cited as a prime example of the application of the Golden Ratio. The width-to-height ratio of its facade, the spacing of columns, and the overall composition are believed to align with this ratio, contributing to its timeless appeal and sense of perfection.
• Sculpture and the Canon: Sculptors like Polykleitos developed a detailed “canon of proportions” for the human body, a mathematical blueprint for ideal beauty. His statue, the Doryphoros (Spear Bearer), embodies these principles through symmetrical balance and precise anatomical ratios (e.g., the head’s height fitting seven times into the total body height), serving as a standard for future artists.
• Architectural Orders: The various architectural orders (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian) had specific, stipulated proportional relationships between elements like column height and diameter (e.g., the Doric order using a height five and a half times its diameter), ensuring a consistent and harmonious look. 

Ancient Egypt

• The Great Pyramid of Giza: The Great Pyramid’s dimensions are argued by some to reflect the Golden Ratio in the relationship between its slant height and half its base length. Ancient Egyptians used a “canon of proportions” in their art and colossal statues to maintain consistency and a sense of enduring order.
• Sacred Geometry: The design of Egyptian temples incorporated sacred geometry and precise astronomical alignments, believed to channel natural energies and create a harmonious, ordered space that connected the earthly realm with the divine. 

My 2^nd Q. – ‘Is any Prime number encoded in Ancient Art and Monuments?’

AI – ‘While there is no definitive evidence of prime numbers being intentionally “encoded” in large-scale ancient monuments like the Pyramids or Stonehenge, ancient artifacts demonstrate an understanding and fascination with prime numbers and their properties long before modern mathematics. 

Evidence of an early awareness of prime numbers exists in smaller, older artifacts: 

• The Ishango Bone: This 20,000-year-old bone artifact, found in Central Africa, has etchings arranged in columns. Some interpretations suggest these markings may represent prime numbers (like 11, 13, 17, and 19), leading some researchers to believe it was an early mathematical tool or a lunar calendar.
• The Plimpton 322 Tablet: This Babylonian clay tablet from around 1800 B.C.E. features a number system that seems to be built on prime number relationships, indicating a sophisticated, though different, understanding of number theory in the ancient Near East.
• Ancient Greek Mathematics: The ancient Greeks, especially mathematicians from the school of Pythagoras and Euclid, extensively studied prime numbers for their inherent properties and as Part of abstract mathematics. Euclid’s work, “Elements” (around 300 BCE), contains foundational proofs about prime numbers, such as their infinite nature. 

Regarding large monuments, while ancient civilizations like the Egyptians and Maya had a deep understanding of mathematics and astronomy that allowed for precise construction and calendrical systems, the numbers involved were typically related to measurement, practical arithmetic, or cosmology (e.g., the golden ratio, specific calendrical cycles). Claims of prime numbers “encoded” within the dimensions of structures like the Great Pyramid of Giza often rely on modern numerical conventions and lack substantial historical or archaeological evidence.’

My 3^rd Q. – ‘Has NASA sent an object into space to communicate with extraterrestrial life using mathematical notations and geometry e.g. an image of Vitruvian Man?’

AI – ‘Yes, NASA has sent objects into space with messages for potential extraterrestrial life that use mathematical notations and geometry, but they did not include an image of the Vitruvian Man. Instead, they featured diagrams of human figures and scientific concepts. 

Specifically, the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft (launched in 1972 and 1973) each carry a gold-anodized aluminum plaque that features: 

• A line drawing of a nude human male and female, drawn to scale in relation to an outline of the Pioneer spacecraft itself, to provide a sense of size.
• A diagram in the upper left of the hyperfine transition of a neutral hydrogen atom, using its wavelength as a universal standard of measurement.
• A star map showing the Sun’s location relative to 14 pulsars, with the time periods of the pulsars given in binary notation based on the hydrogen standard.
• A schematic diagram of the solar system, indicating the Earth as the third planet from the Sun and the trajectory of the probe exiting the solar system. 

Later, the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft (launched in 1977) carried a more complex “Golden Record,” a gold-plated copper phonograph record that contains 115 images encoded in analog form, along with sounds and music from Earth. The cover of the Golden Record also includes symbolic instructions for playback and the same pulsar map and hydrogen atom diagram from the Pioneer plaques, to help potential finders locate Earth. 

While the messages include human figures and geometric/mathematical information, the famous Vitruvian Man drawing by Leonardo da Vinci was not among the images sent. The team, led by Carl Sagan, had to compromise on less controversial silhouettes for the human figures on the Voyager record after a nude photo of a man and a pregnant woman was vetoed by NASA. 

These artifacts are essentially “messages in a bottle” cast into the cosmic ocean, designed to communicate a story of Earth to any advanced, spacefaring civilization that might encounter them in the distant future. 

My 4th^rd Q. – ‘Did the objects sent into space by NASA with messages for potential extraterrestrial life that use mathematical notations and geometry, include any symbol or representation of Prime Numbers?’

AI – ‘The objects sent into space by NASA, specifically the Pioneer plaques and the Voyager Golden Records, did use mathematical concepts but did not include explicit symbols or representations of prime numbers. Instead, they focused on using fundamental, universal scientific principles like binary code, the hyperfine transition of the hydrogen atom, and the positions of pulsars. 

Messages Carried by the Spacecraft

• Pioneer Plaques: The plaques, carried by Pioneer 10 and 11, use binary notation to represent the periods of several pulsars and the physical dimensions of humans relative to the wavelength of the hydrogen spin-flip transition. The message creators (Carl Sagan, Frank Drake, and Linda Salzman Sagan) relied on the consistency of physical laws and the hydrogen atom’s properties as a universal standard of measurement, rather than abstract mathematical concepts like prime numbers.
• Voyager Golden Records: The covers of the Voyager records also use similar mathematical diagrams and symbols found on the Pioneer plaques, including the hydrogen atom symbol and the pulsar map. The record itself contains sounds and images, with information on how to play it, all relying on physical and mathematical constants, but no specific focus on prime numbers. 

Prime Numbers in SETI

The use of prime numbers for extraterrestrial communication is a prominent idea in the broader field of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) and in fiction, such as Carl Sagan’s novel Contact. 

A famous example is the Arecibo message, a radio transmission broadcast into space in 1974 from the Arecibo Observatory (which was not a physical object carried on a NASA spacecraft). That message consisted of exactly 1,679 binary digits, a semiprime number that can only be factored into 73 and 23 (both prime numbers). The idea was that an intelligent recipient would arrange the signal into a rectangle of 73 rows by 23 columns, which would form a meaningful image. 

While the Arecibo message employed prime numbers as a structural element to hint at an intelligent origin, the physical plaques and records on the Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft did not use prime numbers as explicit symbols in their design. 

My 5th Q. – ‘Has an image of Vitruvian man been sent into space?’

AI – ‘Yes, an image of Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man has been in space. A version of the drawing was used as a symbol on the sleeve patches of NASA space suits, meaning it has “penetrated through the atmosphere and returned”. 

While the original drawing is kept in the Gallerie dell’Accademia in Venice and is rarely displayed due to its fragility, replicas and symbolic representations have been widely circulated and used in various contexts, including space exploration. 

Other forms of art and human representations have also been sent into space: 

• The Pioneer plaques (1972 and 1973) and the Voyager Golden Records (1977) both included diagrams of human figures and other information about Earth for potential extraterrestrial life.
• Leonardo da Vinci’s Codex on the Flight of Birds flew aboard the Curiosity Rover mission to Mars.
• Various other original artworks and sculptures have been flown on space shuttles and the Mir space station as part of art and conservation experiments.’

My 6^th Q. – ‘What did the concept of Harmonious Proportions signify in Ancient Civilizations?

AI – ‘To ancient civilizations, particularly the Greeks and Egyptians, harmonious proportions in art were not merely an aesthetic choice but a profound reflection of universal order, divine perfection, and philosophical ideals. They believed that specific mathematical ratios, such as the Golden Ratio, were the key to capturing the inherent balance of nature and the cosmos. 

Ancient Greece

In Ancient Greece, harmony (Greek: harmonia) was a combination of philosophical and mathematical concepts. 

• Cosmic and Divine Order: Greek philosophers and artists believed the universe was governed by a mathematical order. Using harmonious proportions in art and architecture (e.g., the Parthenon) was a way to mirror this cosmic order, creating a bridge between the human and divine realms.

• Idealized Beauty and Virtue: Proportions were used to depict an idealized form of beauty, which was associated with moral and physical perfection. Sculptors like Polyclitus developed a “canon” of proportions for the human body, such as in his Doryphoros statue, to represent not just physical likeness but also virtues like courage, wisdom, and inner goodness.
• Balance and Unity: The application of precise mathematical ratios created a sense of visual balance and unity among all the elements of an artwork or building. This balance was thought to be naturally pleasing to the human eye and mind. 

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egyptians also utilized a strict canon of proportions, often based on a grid system, which served different but related cultural and spiritual purposes. 

• Permanence and Order: The rigid adherence to a consistent system of proportions across generations of art (from reliefs to colossal statues) ensured a sense of timelessness and permanence, which was crucial for religious and funerary art intended to last for eternity.

• Hierarchical Representation: Proportion was a key tool for communicating social and divine hierarchy. Figures of pharaohs and gods were depicted larger and with specific idealized proportions to reinforce their power and eternal nature.
• Mathematical Precision: The use of established units of measurement and geometry, potentially including the Golden Ratio in monumental structures like the Great Pyramids, demonstrated an advanced understanding of mathematics and a desire for precision in their sacred constructions. 

In essence, for ancient civilizations, harmonious proportions were a visual manifestation of a desired, ideal reality—one that was ordered, balanced, and connected to the divine and natural laws of the universe. 

My 7^th Q. – ‘What was the significance of Prime Numbers to Ancient Civilizations?’

AI – ‘Ancient civilizations viewed prime numbers as foundational to the universe, with the Greeks, particularly the Pythagoreans, considering them sacred and a reflection of cosmic order and harmony. They were also used for their unique mathematical properties, which contributed to the development of numerical systems and were seen as mystical, indivisible building blocks of all other numbers. 

Mystical and symbolic significance

• Cosmic order: The Pythagoreans believed that prime numbers held mystical significance and were a reflection of the fundamental structure of the cosmos.
• Sacredness: They considered prime numbers to be sacred, and the idea of their indivisibility was linked to concepts of divine order and uniqueness. 

Mathematical foundation

• Building blocks of numbers: Prime numbers are the fundamental building blocks of all integers. Every integer greater than one can be uniquely factored into a product of primes, a concept known as the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, which was studied by ancient Greeks.
• Systematic study: While earlier civilizations like the Babylonians and Egyptians had some understanding of primes, it was the ancient Greeks who began to study them in a systematic and abstract way, developing foundational concepts like Euclid’s proof of the infinitude of primes.
• Numerical systems: Primes appeared in early tables and contributed to the development of numerical systems in cultures such as ancient China.’ 

My 8^th Q. – ‘What is the significance of prime numbers in astronomy?’

AI – ‘Prime numbers have practical and theoretical significance in astronomy, primarily through their use in coded masks for telescopes that detect high-energy gamma rays and their potential role in theoretical models of the universe’s structure. Astronomers use prime numbers to design the patterns on coded masks for telescopes like the INTEGRAL, allowing them to create clearer images from faint, overlapping signals. They also feature in speculative theories that propose prime numbers could underpin the universe’s fundamental structure. 

Practical applications in astronomy

• Coded masks for gamma-ray telescopes: Gamma rays are difficult to focus, so telescopes use a pinhole-camera design with a mask containing many small holes.
• Image reconstruction: To increase sensitivity, multiple holes are used, creating overlapping images on the detector. Prime numbers are essential for creating the specific, random-like patterns on the mask that allow the overlapping images to be computationally separated and combined into a single, coherent image. 

Theoretical and speculative applications

• Universe structure models: Some theories propose that prime numbers could be the foundational “building blocks” for the universe’s structure, with sets of primes representing stable entities.
• Quantum behavior: One model, the FSC Model, uses prime number sets to describe the universe’s quantum behavior at multiple levels, from the initial singularity to the large-scale structure of the cosmos.
• Cosmic “hello”: The idea of using prime numbers to communicate with extraterrestrial intelligence is a popular trope in science fiction, as demonstrated in the film Contact. This highlights the potential for a universal language based on fundamental mathematical principles, with prime numbers being a strong candidate.’ 

My 9^th Q. – ‘What is the significance of prime numbers in Quantum Physics?’

AI – ‘The significance of prime numbers in quantum physics stems from their connection to the zeros of the Riemann zeta function, which in turn are linked to the energy levels of quantum systems and the distribution of particles in atomic nuclei. This implies that prime numbers, though purely mathematical, reflect a deep physical principle and can be used to experimentally realize and study quantum phenomena. This connection suggests a fundamental link between number theory and the physical world. 

Connections to quantum systems

• Energy levels: The statistical distribution of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function is the same as the distribution of energy levels in complex atomic nuclei.
• Quantum operators: Physicists have used this analogy to construct quantum mechanical systems (specifically, quantum potentials) whose energy levels are the prime numbers themselves or the zeros of the zeta function.
• Experimental realization: Researchers are using this principle to build quantum systems that can mimic mathematical properties of prime numbers, allowing them to explore purely mathematical questions through physical experiments.
• Quantum computing: The properties of prime numbers are also relevant to quantum algorithms, which could one day be used to solve complex number-theoretic problems more efficiently than classical computers. 

A bridge between mathematics and physics

• Fundamental theorem of arithmetic: Prime numbers are the “building blocks” of all whole numbers through multiplication. The fact that this fundamental mathematical structure also appears to govern the behavior of energy levels in quantum systems suggests a deep, underlying principle.
• Physically measurable quantities: The mathematical relationship between prime numbers and quantum systems has been shown to generate a mathematical balance that produces physically measurable, real-valued results.
• Nature’s blueprint: The way prime numbers’ factorization patterns “automatically” create the mathematical structure needed for a physically measurable quantum bit is seen by some as evidence that prime numbers provide a blueprint for quantum systems.’

My 10^th Q. – ‘Why would an experiment of quantum physics involving prime numbers be performed inside a stone structure?’

AI – ‘An experiment in quantum physics involving prime numbers would be performed inside a stone structure primarily for environmental isolation and radiation shielding. The dense rock material helps to minimize external interference that can compromise the sensitive conditions required for quantum experiments. 

Environmental Shielding

Quantum systems are incredibly sensitive to environmental noise, such as background radiation, vibrations, and electromagnetic interference, which can lead to a loss of quantum coherence (decoherence). 

• Background Radiation: Cosmic rays and other natural sources of radiation can interact with the quantum system and alter its state. Dense materials like stone, basalt, or lead are effective at attenuating gamma rays and fast neutrons, protecting the experiment from these external particles.
• Vibrations and Stability: Stone structures provide a naturally stable environment, minimizing mechanical vibrations that could disrupt the precise alignment and operation of quantum apparatus.
• Cleanliness: Underground or sealed stone labs (such as SNOLAB in Canada) are often designed to be extremely clean, reducing the amount of dust and other contaminants that could interfere with experiments. 

The Role of Prime Numbers in Quantum Physics

The specific connection between prime numbers and quantum physics involves theoretical or experimental models exploring how number theory concepts might manifest in physical reality: 

• Modeling Quantum Systems: Some research explores the surprising connections between the distribution of prime numbers and patterns found in the energy levels of quantum systems or the positions of atoms in crystal-like materials. Prime numbers can be used to construct mathematical frameworks or “quantum simulators” where the energy values correspond to the prime factors of a number.
• Quantum Computing Applications: Researchers are developing algorithms that use quantum computers to identify prime numbers, which has implications for cryptography.
• Fundamental Principles: Certain theoretical models, such as the “Prime Number Universe” model, suggest that prime numbers are fundamental to the structure of the universe and basic physical constants like the fine-structure constant. 

The stone structure, in this context, is a practical necessity for creating a controlled, low-noise environment in which to test these highly sensitive, cutting-edge theoretical ideas.’

My 11^th Q. – ‘Theoretically what are the benefits of performing an experiment of quantum physics involving prime numbers inside a Pyramid shaped stone structure?

AI – ‘From a theoretical and fringe-science perspective, the proposed benefits of performing a quantum physics experiment involving prime numbers inside a pyramid-shaped stone structure involve leveraging the structure’s purported ability to focus or modulate energy fields and quantum coherence effects. However, there is no scientific evidence in mainstream physics that supports these speculative benefits. 

Theoretical (Speculative) Benefits

Proponents of “pyramid power” and related alternative theories suggest the following benefits:

• Energy Concentration: The specific angles and geometry of a pyramid are theorized to act as a resonator or antenna, concentrating ambient energy fields, such as the Earth’s magnetic field or hypothetical “universal energy”. This concentrated energy could theoretically enhance delicate quantum experiments.
• Modulation of Quantum Fields: Some speculative theories propose that the pyramid shape could influence local quantum fields or modulate zero-point energy in a unique way, possibly facilitating quantum coherence (synchronized oscillations at the quantum level). This could potentially lead to more stable or prolonged quantum states.
• Enhanced Resonance: The materials used, such as granite and limestone (containing quartz), might create a weak electromagnetic field through the piezoelectric effect when under pressure (from the structure’s mass or environmental forces). This might interact with phonon vibrations and electromagnetic fields, leading to unique resonance effects.
• Interaction with Prime Numbers: Recent mainstream research has found surprising connections between the distribution of prime numbers and patterns found in quantum systems and crystal-like materials. Some alternative theories speculate that the inherent order in primes might resonate with the pyramid’s “sacred geometry,” creating a synergistic effect that could somehow be harnessed or observed more easily within such a structure. 

Scientific Perspective

Mainstream science largely dismisses the idea of “pyramid power” as a myth, as these effects have not been validated under controlled, reproducible conditions. 

• Verified Electromagnetic Properties: A 2018 study used theoretical physics methods to show that the Great Pyramid of Giza can, under specific resonance conditions with radio waves, concentrate electromagnetic energy within its internal chambers. The researchers used these findings to propose the design of nanoparticles that could reproduce similar focusing effects for applications in optics and solar cells, not to suggest the pyramid naturally generates a mysterious quantum energy.
• Quantum-Prime Connection: Current mainstream research into prime numbers and quantum physics focuses on the mathematical relationship (e.g., using quantum mechanics to understand the distribution of primes or vice versa). Experiments are conducted in standard laboratories using optical traps or quantum computers, not in ancient stone structures.
• Practical Use of Pyramids in Science: Pyramids are currently used by physicists to explore internal structures via muon tomography, which uses cosmic-ray particles to detect hidden voids. This is a practical application of modern physics to study the existing structure, not a use of the structure to enhance quantum experiments. 

In summary, any purported “benefits” are rooted in speculative or alternative theories, while the verified scientific properties of pyramids relate to specific electromagnetic wave interactions that have been used to inspire modern nanoscale designs.’

My 1st Q. – ‘Are the underlying principles of mathematics and geometry consistent everywhere?’

AI – ‘Yes, the underlying principles of mathematics and logic are widely considered to be consistent and universal everywhere, forming the “language” through which the physical laws of the universe are expressed. 

Here is a breakdown of why:

• Axiomatic Systems: Mathematics and geometry are formal systems based on a set of initial assumptions called axioms. A theorem proved from a given set of axioms is logically consistent and true within that specific system, regardless of location in the universe. The validity of the reasoning process (logic) is an abstract, universal concept.
• Physical Laws: The laws of physics, which govern the universe, appear to be the same everywhere. Since these laws are described using mathematics, it follows that the underlying mathematical principles must also be consistent across the cosmos. The predictive power of mathematics (e.g., predicting black holes or the Higgs boson before their discovery) is strong evidence of this deep connection to reality.
• Geometric Reality: While Euclidean geometry (the “flat” geometry taught in school where a triangle’s angles sum to 180 degrees) works well for local, everyday scenarios, the actual large-scale geometry of the universe is described by non-Euclidean, specifically Riemannian geometry, as per Einstein’s theory of general relativity. This does not mean mathematics is inconsistent; rather, it shows that different, but equally consistent, mathematical models exist, and the correct model for describing physical reality must be determined by observation.
• Universality of Concepts: Fundamental ideas like prime numbers or the concept of ‘threeness’ are abstract principles that would apply to any intelligent observer, regardless of their physical location or notation system (e.g., using a base-10 vs. a base-8 counting system). In essence, mathematics and geometry are seen less as human inventions and more as a discovery of the fundamental structure and logic inherent in the universe itself.’

My 2^nd Q. – ‘Does Mathematics provide a way to communicate across cultures because its core logic and structure are independent of spoken language?’

AI – ‘Mathematics provides a powerful way to communicate across cultures because its core logic and structure are fundamentally independent of spoken language. While the symbols used in mathematics can vary by culture, the underlying principles are universal and follow the same logical rules everywhere, making it a “universal language” for abstract reasoning and science.

Key aspects include:

• Universal Principles: The laws of arithmetic (e.g., 

) and the rules of logic (e.g., the structure of proofs) are constant, whether one speaks English, Chinese, or Arabic.

• Abstract Concepts: Mathematical concepts like numbers, shapes, and functions exist independently of how they are named in any given tongue [1]. A triangle is a three-sided polygon in any culture.
• Foundation for Science and Technology: Mathematics is the bedrock of physics, engineering, and computer science. International collaboration in these fields relies heavily on the shared understanding of mathematical principles.
• Historical Evidence: The exchange of mathematical ideas throughout history—from the adoption of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system globally to the development of calculus independently in different locations—demonstrates its cross-cultural nature.’

Despite this universal nature, the way mathematics is taught, the notation used (e.g., using a comma versus a period for decimals), and even finger-counting methods can differ culturally. However, these are surface-level differences; the abstract logic remains the same, allowing mathematicians and scientists from around the world to collaborate and understand each other’s work.’

My 3rd Q . – ‘Is mathematics used to describe the laws of physics, chemistry, and other sciences in a way that transcends spoken language barriers?’

AI – ‘Yes, mathematics serves as a precise, universal framework for describing the laws of physics, chemistry, and other sciences, largely transcending spoken language barriers. Its principles are consistent and apply uniformly across different cultures and nations, providing a common ground for scientific communication and discovery. 

Universality of Mathematical Concepts

• Shared Meaning: The fundamental concepts and rules of mathematics—such as the laws of arithmetic, algebra, and geometry—hold the same meaning everywhere in the world. An equation like (Force equals mass times acceleration) or expresses the exact same relationship regardless of the scientist’s native language.
• Precise and Unambiguous: Unlike natural languages, which can be nuanced and open to interpretation, mathematics is an artificial language designed for precision and logical rigor. This lack of ambiguity is crucial for science, where accurate, verifiable descriptions of natural phenomena are essential.
• Cross-Cultural Collaboration: The standardized notation of mathematics enables scientists from different linguistic backgrounds to collaborate, build upon each other’s work, and share findings seamlessly.
• Predictive Power: Mathematical models allow scientists to make quantitative predictions about the behavior of natural systems, which can be tested experimentally to validate theories across the globe. 

Limitations and Nuances

While the underlying principles are universal, it is important to note:

• Terminology still relies on natural language: The interpretation of mathematical results and their application to real-world phenomena often still needs to be expressed and discussed in a spoken language, such as English (which is the current universal language of scientific publication).
• Cultural influences on development: Different cultures have developed unique mathematical systems and approaches throughout history, showcasing diverse ways of thinking about quantity and relationships.
• Mathematics describes, it doesn’t “speak”: Mathematics itself is a tool for modeling reality, not a conscious entity communicating with humanity. As physicist Richard Feynman stated, it is a “language plus reasoning” that helps us understand the universe, but the universe itself doesn’t “speak” a language. 

Ultimately, the power of mathematics in science lies in its ability to provide a common, rigorous, and abstract framework that transcends human linguistic diversity to describe the fundamental order of the universe.’

My 4^th Q. – ‘Does Mathematics and Geometry contain a universal form of notation?’

AI – ‘Yes,

mathematics and geometry largely contain a universal form of notation, allowing complex ideas to be expressed concisely and precisely across different languages and cultures. While the underlying mathematical concepts are considered universal truths, the specific symbols used to represent them have evolved over time into the widely accepted system used today. 

Key aspects of this universal notation include: 

• Widespread Standardization: The modern system of mathematical notation was developed and standardized over centuries, with key contributions from mathematicians like François Viète, René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and Leonhard Euler. This has resulted in a global consensus on most symbols and conventions.
• Core Symbols: Fundamental symbols like the Hindu-Arabic numerals and operational signs are recognized and used almost everywhere in the world where formal mathematics is practiced.
• International Standards: Organizations like the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) publish standards, such as ISO 80000-2 (previously ISO 31-11), which specify symbols for use in mathematical equations to promote consistency in scientific and engineering contexts.
• Clarity and Brevity: Symbolic notation is a form of shorthand that allows mathematicians to express complex ideas and manipulate equations much more efficiently than writing them out in natural language. 

Minor Variations 

Despite the high degree of universality, some minor notational variations exist, usually in entry-level education or specific sub-fields: 

• Decimal Separators: Some countries use a period (e.g., 12.5) while others use a comma (e.g., 12,5) as a decimal separator.
• Multiplication Sign: …
• Specialized Fields: Certain advanced or specialized areas might develop their own specific notations, such as Dirac’s bra-ket notation in quantum mechanics, which are then used consistently within that field. 

Overall, the mathematical community uses a globally accepted symbolic language that transcends natural language barriers, ensuring clear communication of mathematical concepts.’

My 5^th  Q. – ‘Could an astronomer on another planet elsewhere in the Universe understand the calculations of an Astronomer on Earth, even if they speak different languages, because the underlying mathematics is the same?’

AI – ‘An astronomer on another planet could likely understand the mathematical calculations and the fundamental laws of physics used by an astronomer on Earth, even without sharing a spoken language. The underlying principles of mathematics and physics are considered universal.

Here’s why:

• Universal Laws: The physical laws governing the universe, such as gravity, the conservation of energy, and the properties of light (spectroscopy), are assumed to be consistent everywhere. An advanced civilization capable of astronomy would necessarily be using these same principles in their work.
• Mathematics as a Universal Language: Math provides a common, abstract framework for describing these physical laws. Concepts like algebra, geometry, calculus, and logic would be foundational to any advanced scientific culture.
• Common Data: Astronomers on Earth and elsewhere would be observing the same celestial objects and phenomena, such as stars, galaxies, and cosmic background radiation. They would be recording data on properties like wavelength, frequency, mass, and velocity.
• Symbolic Communication: The specific symbols used for variables might differ (e.g., they might not use the Greek letter

, but the underlying meaning and relationships expressed in equations could be deciphered through careful analysis of transmitted data. An advanced society should be able to recognize patterns in data streams that correspond to fundamental constants and logical operations.

Therefore, while communication on a conversational level would be impossible without a shared language, the “language” of science and math provides a universal basis for mutual understanding of scientific findings and calculations.

My 6^th Q. – ‘Is mathematics the language of the Universe?’

AI – ‘Yes, mathematics is often called the language of the universe because it is a powerful tool for describing the patterns, laws, and phenomena of the natural world, from the smallest particle to the largest galaxy. It provides a way to quantify and understand the universe that natural language cannot, and it is fundamental to the sciences, engineering, and technology.  

• Describes natural patterns: 

Mathematics can be seen in nature, such as the Fibonacci sequence in the arrangement of sunflower seeds and the spiral of a seashell. 

• Underpins physical laws: 

The fundamental laws of physics, like gravity and electromagnetism, are expressed through mathematical equations. 

• Enables accurate predictions: 

Using mathematical models allows scientists and engineers to make accurate predictions about everything from the trajectory of a rocket to the timing of a solar eclipse. 

• Transcendence: 

Mathematics is a universal language that transcends cultures and time, providing a consistent and precise way to communicate and build on scientific discoveries. 

My 7^th  Q – ‘Are mathematics and geometry used to express immutable principles of any religion?’

AI – ‘Yes, mathematics and geometry, often expressed through the concept of sacred geometry, have been used across various cultures and religions to symbolize, represent, or even directly express immutable, universal, and divine principles. The belief is that these mathematical principles are a “divine blueprint” underlying the creation and order of the universe. 

Core Principles and Applications

• Divine Order and Creation: Many traditions believe the universe was created according to a precise mathematical and geometric plan. Figures like Plato and Nicholas Cusanus saw mathematics as a path to understanding metaphysical and spiritual truths, suggesting that the clarity and timelessness of mathematical knowledge reflect the nature of the divine.
• Symbolic Language: Geometric shapes serve as a universal, non-verbal language for expressing abstract spiritual ideas that words struggle to capture.
  • The Circle: Symbolizes eternity, infinity, unity, and the perfection of God, who has no beginning or end.
  • The Triangle: In Christianity, it often represents the Holy Trinity; in other contexts, it symbolizes harmony, balance, or the connection between heaven and earth.
  • The Square: Often represents the physical, material world, stability, and earthly order, a grounding element when contrasted with the circle of the heavens.
  • The Golden Ratio and Fibonacci Sequence: These mathematical proportions, found repeatedly in nature (e.g., nautilus shells, sunflowers, human anatomy), are considered “divine proportions” that reflect the inherent beauty and harmony of God’s creation.
• Architectural Embodiment: These principles are embedded in the design and construction of sacred spaces to connect the physical structure with spiritual realms.
  • Christian Cathedrals: Medieval master builders used precise geometry, the golden ratio, and specific orientations to create spaces that inspire awe and symbolize divine order.
  • Islamic Art and Architecture: Intricate, repeating geometric patterns (tessellations) are used to avoid figural representation and instead encourage contemplation of the infinite nature and unity of God (Tawhid).
  • Hindu and Buddhist Temples: Temple layouts and mandalas utilize specific geometric and proportional rules (Vastushastra) to represent cosmic order and aid in meditation and spiritual practice. 

In essence, the use of mathematics and geometry in religion goes beyond mere aesthetics; it is a profound, historical effort to perceive and interact with the unchanging, eternal laws believed to govern the universe and the divine. 

My 8^th  Q – ‘Could maths be use by an extraterrestrial civilization to talk to us?

AI – ‘Yes, many scientists and researchers involved in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) believe that mathematics could serve as the foundational basis for initial communication with an extraterrestrial civilization. The idea is that the fundamental principles of math and the laws of physics are universal and would be the same everywhere in the universe, regardless of a species’ biological or cultural background. 

Why Mathematics?

• Universal Laws: The rules of mathematics and physics (like the value of Pi, universal constants, and the laws of gravity) are consistent throughout the cosmos. Any civilization advanced enough to build technology for interstellar communication would have likely developed a sophisticated understanding of these principles.
• Logical Foundation: Math provides an unambiguous, logical, and abstract system that is not dependent on human-specific cultural references or biological senses (like color or scent).
• Demonstration of Intelligence: Transmitting a sequence of prime numbers (e.g., 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, …) is often cited as a clear way to demonstrate artificial intelligence, as such a pattern is highly unlikely to occur naturally in space and has no other obvious use. 

How it Might Work

Communication would likely start with the most basic concepts and gradually build up complexity:

1. Numbers and Logic: A signal might begin with binary code (0s and 1s) to establish a base counting system, moving on to basic arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction.
2. Physical Concepts: Once a shared understanding of numbers is established, the message could introduce physical units and constants (like the speed of light, the properties of a hydrogen atom, or geometric principles) that are the same for everyone in the universe.
3. Building a “Lingo”: Systems like Lincos (Lingua Cosmica) have been designed specifically for this purpose, starting with math and logic to build a shared vocabulary for more complex ideas, even abstract ones like time and behavior. 

Limitations

While mathematics can establish common ground and convey scientific information, it may be less effective for communicating nuanced concepts like emotions, art, humor, or the full range of human experience. The development of mathematical notation and the specific ways we use math are still a human construct. 

Ultimately, math is a powerful tool and the most plausible starting point for establishing a connection with extraterrestrial intelligence, as it is rooted in the shared reality of our universe.’

My 9^th  Q – ‘Is it theoretically possible that an extraterrestrial civilization could have encoded messages in an ancient monument using mathematics and geometry?’

AI – ‘It is theoretically possible that an advanced extraterrestrial civilization could have encoded messages in an ancient monument using mathematics and geometry. This concept relies on several key premises:

• Universality of Mathematics: Mathematics and the principles of geometry are considered universal languages that would likely be understood by any sufficiently intelligent species, regardless of their biology or specific communication methods. This makes them an ideal medium for cross-species communication.
• Durability of Monuments: Unlike more perishable forms of communication (like scrolls or digital media), large, precisely constructed monuments can endure for millennia, preserving the message over vast periods of time.
• Feasibility of Encoding: Mathematical concepts such as pi , the Fibonacci sequence, prime numbers, or the golden ratio could be subtly integrated into the dimensions, angles, or layout of a structure. Deciphering such a message would require a species to reach a certain level of mathematical and geometric understanding.

While possible in theory, such a message would be difficult to distinguish from natural architectural or design choices unless it contained highly specific, non-random patterns clearly outside the scope of known human capabilities at the time of construction. The challenge lies in objectively confirming whether a pattern is an intentional message or merely an interesting coincidence or human artistic choice.’

Leonardo da Vinci believed that to truly understand something, you must acquire thorough knowledge of its nature, which required careful study & perception. He had a three-fold classification about how people see: (i) there are those who see for themselves; (ii) those who see when shown; & (iii) those who don’t see at all. So, to understand what you are looking at, you need to ‘see’ by observing the world with a deep, observant eye, much like an artist does, and understand that the artist’s intention, emotions, and natural philosophy are woven into the work. Some sources suggest this classification is an abbreviation or rephrasing of a quote by Niccolo Machiavelli in ‘The Prince’ about three types of intellect – ‘one which comprehends by itself; another which appreciates what others comprehend; and a third which neither comprehends by itself nor by the showing of others.’ 

There have recently been claims about AI discovering hidden words and symbols below the surface of Leonardo’s painting of the Last Supper – so I asked AI about this –

AI – ‘General, non-scholarly articles and social media posts have made speculative claims that AI analysis has uncovered “terrifying” hidden messages, words, and symbols in Leonardo da Vinci’s Last Supper, but these lack credible scientific or art historical verification. These reports often appear to be clickbait or part of alternative history discussions rather than established art research. 

Credible research using technology (though not necessarily advanced AI for decoding text) has confirmed:

• A Hidden Melody: An Italian musician, Giovanni Maria Pala, discovered in 2007 that the arrangement of the apostles’ hands and the loaves of bread on the table, when overlaid on a musical staff and read from right to left (following Leonardo’s writing style), forms a 40-second musical composition, or hymn.
• Mathematical and Astrological Symbolism: Other researchers have proposed that the painting contains mathematical sequences related to the lunar calendar, and that the positions of the apostles correspond to the twelve zodiac signs.
• Symbolic Objects: Art historians have long noted conventional symbols of the time, such as the spilled salt container near Judas Iscariot’s elbow, which traditionally symbolizes bad luck or an evil omen. 

The claims about AI finding “secret languages” or “terrifying prophecies” are highly sensationalized and not supported by mainstream art scholarship. The core messages that have been validated by experts using technological analysis are generally focused on Da Vinci’s known interests in mathematics, music, and the use of traditional symbolism rather than secret, world-altering messages.  …

Leonardo da Vinci did not explicitly state that art should be a medium for encoding “secret hidden messages” in the modern, conspiratorial sense (as suggested by popular fiction like The Da Vinci Code). His views on art focused on it being a universal language for communicating knowledge, reflecting nature, and exploring science and philosophy. He believed in a “silent language of images” that could reveal truths about the world and human nature. Key points regarding his perspective:

• Symbolism was common practice: Renaissance art frequently used complex symbolism and allegory that would have been understood by the educated viewers of his time. These were not “secrets” in the modern sense, but a form of visual literacy specific to the culture of the period.
• Art as a form of inquiry: Leonardo used his art to challenge religious dogma and present nature as he observed it, which sometimes meant including images that irreverently deviated from traditional interpretations. This might be seen as “hidden meaning” by modern standards, but for him it was part of a commitment to empirical observation and truth.
• Use of optical effects: He did use techniques, such as the subtle variations in the Mona Lisa‘s smile or the use of sfumato, to create dynamic and ambiguous effects that make the viewer question what they are seeing, engaging the mind in an active process of interpretation.
• Notebooks and mirror writing: While he wrote his private notebooks in mirror writing, it was likely to prevent smudging (as he was left-handed) or to make it difficult for people to steal his ideas, rather than a general philosophy of hiding codes in his artwork. The content of the notebooks, though titled “Secret Matters” by an early collector, was mainly on mechanics, engineering, and anatomy, not mystical secrets. 

In his Treatise on Painting, he suggested a technique for stimulating creativity by looking at stains on walls or the ashes of a fire, as one might find in them resemblances to various forms and landscapes, which could then be developed into well-conceived art. This highlights his view of images as a means to arouse the mind to various inventions rather than a means to encode a fixed, single “secret message.” Ultimately, while his works are rich in symbolism and open to interpretation, there is no evidence he advocated for art to be used as a medium for encoding secret, hidden messages in the conspiratorial way often imagined today. His art was a profound blend of science, observation, and expression designed to communicate knowledge to those who had “eyes to see”.  …’

See also:

• AI Decoded Da Vinci’s Last Supper—The Hidden Words Made Historians Collapse in Fear: AI Decoded Da Vinci’s Last Supper—The Hidden Words Made Historians Collapse in Fear – YouTube
• Da Vinci’s Last Supper Painting Hides a Terrifying Secret: Da Vinci’s Last Supper Painting Hides a Terrifying Secret
• AI Finally Decoded the Hidden Message in Da Vinci’s The Last Supper, And It’s Terrifying: AI Finally Decoded the Hidden Message in Da Vinci’s The Last Supper, And It’s Terrifying

Ancient writers like Herodotus and Strabo described the Egyptian Labyrinth as a wonder of the world, even claiming it surpassed the pyramids in grandeur.

While the structure has mostly been lost, and its exact nature is debated, evidence from modern scanning technology suggests a large, complex structure exists beneath the sands at Hawara, near the pyramid of Amenemhat III.

‘As above, so below’ – Do not be fooled by appearances. Although what you see on the surface at Hawara is a Pyramid made out of mud, the foundations are in fact made out of stone. While you may never have heard of this site, archaeologists regard it as being the 2nd most important site in Egypt.

So, I asked AI  whether the Labrinth found to exist below the Pyramid at Hawara, could be Egypt’s lost Hall of Records.

AI – ‘The subterranean labyrinth at Hawara is a candidate for the lost Hall of Records, but this is a theory based on its ancient description and the lack of a complete excavation. Historically, the site was described by ancient historians as a vast complex with many chambers, and some modern research using ground-penetrating radar has detected large underground structures, though the site remains unexcavated and the findings are not fully public. 

The Labyrinth of Hawara and the Hall of Records

• Ancient descriptions: 

Ancient Greek historians like Herodotus described a massive, labyrinthine complex connected to the pyramid of Hawara, with thousands of chambers that he said contained vast amounts of information. 

• Modern evidence: 

Ground-penetrating radar scans in 2008 provided evidence of a large underground complex beneath the pyramid, corroborating the existence of the labyrinth. 

• Speculation: 

Based on the ancient descriptions and the modern findings, some speculate that the labyrinth could be the legendary Hall of Records, a rumoured repository of lost ancient knowledge, including information on pre-dynastic civilizations.

• Current status: 

The labyrinth is still largely unexcavated, and what the site contains is not publicly known, which leaves its potential as a “Hall of Records” a topic of ongoing debate and speculation.’ 

I will return to this blog in December to explore and expand as NASA have taken satellite images of the site, which has also been explored on the surface around the Pyramid using Ground Penetrating Radar (‘GPR’).

What this revealed is a massive complex of subterranean chambers with interconnecting corridors i.e. tunnels. See the programmes in the links below:

• HAWARA RISING: 40 meter METAL object discovered in Egypt’s subterranean labyrinth! EXCLUSIVE REPORT!: HAWARA RISING: 40 meter METAL object discovered in Egypt’s subterranean labyrinth! EXCLUSIVE REPORT!
• THE SECRET UNDERWORLD OF GIZA – All Episodes: The Secret Underworld of Giza (Episodes in order) – YouTube
• Newly Discovered Tunnels Beneath the Lost Labyrinth of Hawara: Newly Discovered Tunnels Beneath the Lost Labyrinth of Hawara
• Satellite Scans Show a Lost Labyrinth Underneath the Pyramids: Satellite Scans Show a Lost Labyrinth Underneath the Pyramids
• Tunnel to Big Void Found? Hawara’s Lost Labyrinth Contains Exotic Metal Craft?? | #68 Trevor Grassi: Tunnel to Big Void Found? Hawara’s Lost Labyrinth Contains Exotic Metal Craft?? | #68 Trevor Grassi – YouTube

AI – ‘Yes, Leonardo’s Vitruvian Man incorporates Sacred Geometry, particularly through the use of the circle and square, which symbolize the spiritual and earthly realms respectively. This combination represents the Renaissance belief that the human body is a microcosm of the universe, linking the divine and the physical. The drawing uses these geometrical forms to illustrate how humanity connects these two realms. 

How geometry is used

• The Circle and Square: 

The drawing places a man in both a circle and a square, with the man’s navel at the center of the square and the center of the circle. 

• Circle: Symbolizes the divine, the heavens, and spiritual perfection. 
• Square: Symbolizes the earthly, the physical, and the material world. 
• Humanity as the Connection: 

By fitting the human figure within both shapes, Da Vinci illustrates the Renaissance humanist concept that humanity bridges the spiritual and the physical. 

• Human Proportion and the Cosmos: 

The drawing is based on ancient Roman architect Vitruvius’s descriptions of human proportions, and Leonardo’s work seeks to show that the ideal human body contains the same mathematical and geometrical principles that govern the universe. 

• Geometric Harmony: 

The use of geometry was a way to express the harmony of the cosmos, showing how order and beauty are present in both nature and human form.’

My 2^nd Q. – ‘Is anything encoded in the Sacred Geometry incorporated in Leonardo’s drawing of the Vitruvian Man?’

AI – ‘Yes, the Sacred Geometry in Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man is believed to encode several mathematical relationships, including the idea of a universal, efficient blueprint for human form and construction. A recent study suggests a hidden equilateral triangle between the figure’s legs is key, which corresponds to a similar triangle used to describe the optimal function of the human jaw, demonstrating a universal mathematical principle in both anatomy and engineering. The drawing also illustrates the ancient view that human proportions are governed by mathematical laws, a concept that was central to both art and architecture during the Renaissance. 

Hidden geometric encoding

• Equilateral triangle:

A 2025 study suggests an equilateral triangle formed by the figure’s legs is a deliberate encoding of a mathematical relationship crucial for optimal human jaw function, known as Bonwill’s triangle. 

• Universal blueprint:

By linking the human form to this specific triangle, the drawing shows how the body’s proportions reflect a universal, mathematical blueprint for efficient structure found in both nature and engineering. 

• Tetrahedron:

The study also connects this triangle to the base of a tetrahedron, showing that the geometry of this 3D shape can be used to understand the proportions of the Vitruvian Man. 

• Golden Ratio and other proportions:

The Vitruvian Man also illustrates other mathematical concepts, such as the relationship between the man’s height and arm span, and the potential use of the Golden Ratio in Renaissance art and architecture, as discussed in nico franz.art and The Mona Lisa Foundation. 

• Leonardo and Mathematics – The Mona Lisa Foundation

Significance

• Mathematical unity:

The drawing is seen as a powerful statement on the mathematical unity of the human being and the natural world, an idea central to the Renaissance. 

• Proportion and architecture:

By demonstrating that the human form can be perfectly inscribed within both a circle and a square, it suggests that buildings designed to a similar standard of proportion would also be harmoniously built. 

• Pre-modern scientific principles:

It anticipates modern principles of anatomy and engineering, showing a deep, almost prescient understanding of the mathematical relationships governing efficient design.’

My 3^rd Q. – ‘What does the Sacred Geometry incorporated in Leonardo’s drawing of the Vitruvian Man represent and signify?’

AI – ‘The sacred geometry in Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man signifies the Renaissance belief that the human body is a microcosm of the universe. The circle represents the divine or spiritual realm, centered at the navel, while the square represents the earthly or material realm, with its center at the genitals. The drawing symbolizes the harmonious proportions and perfect balance of the human form, connecting it to the cosmos and representing humanity’s central place in it. 

Geometric symbolism

• Circle: 

Symbolizes the divine, the celestial, and the spiritual. The center of the circle is at the man’s navel.

• Square: 

Represents the earthly, the material, and the secular world. The center of the square is located at the man’s genitals.

• Man as mediator: 

The man is perfectly inscribed in both shapes, suggesting that the human body, through its ideal proportions, acts as the link or mediator between the spiritual and material worlds. 

Broader significance

• Microcosm of the universe: 

The drawing embodies the idea that the human body contains the same mathematical principles and harmony as the universe itself. 

• Humanism: 

It reflects the Renaissance humanist ideal of placing man at the center of the universe. 

• Balance and proportion: 

The drawing illustrates the perfect proportions of the human figure, based on ancient principles from the Roman architect Vitruvius, and celebrates the body as a model of perfect balance. 

• Elevation of art: 

By applying geometry and anatomy to art, Leonardo helped elevate the status of art from a mere handicraft to a respected intellectual pursuit.’

My 4h Q. – ‘Does Leonardo’s drawing of the Vitruvian Man have any connection with the slope of the Great Pyramid at Giza?’

AI – ‘There is no direct historical evidence linking Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man to the Great Pyramid, but there are conceptual and symbolic parallels based on shared principles of proportion and harmony. While the Vitruvian Man explores the ideal human form within the geometric shapes of a circle and a square, the Great Pyramid has a slope that results from its mathematical and geometric design, which some have linked to the drawing through modern analyses. 

Conceptual and symbolic parallels

• Ideal proportions: 

Both Leonardo’s drawing and the Great Pyramid are seen as representations of ideal proportions and geometry. The Vitruvian Man shows the human body perfectly inscribed within a circle and a square, while the Great Pyramid’s dimensions are based on mathematical relationships, such as the slope, which was intentionally designed. 

• Human-cosmic harmony: 

Leonardo’s drawing symbolizes the Renaissance ideal of man as the measure of all things, representing a harmony between the human and the cosmic. Similarly, some believe the Great Pyramid was built with a deep understanding of geometry that connects human scale to the cosmos, though this is a matter of interpretation and not a direct historical link. 

Proposed modern connections

• Geometric relationships: 

Some modern analyses propose that specific geometric relationships from the Vitruvian Man can be related to the Great Pyramid. For instance, one theory suggests that the top of the pyramid corresponds to the corner of the square in the drawing and the base corners correspond to the center of the circle, using a 1/20th scale. 

• Hidden codes: 

Other interpretations suggest the drawing contains hidden codes related to the Great Pyramid’s chambers, based on the placement of lines and circles within the drawing. 

• Sacred geometry: 

Some proponents of sacred geometry believe that both the human form in Vitruvian Man and the Great Pyramid are expressions of the same fundamental geometric principles, which is a viewpoint that often blends historical art with modern esoteric and symbolic interpretations.’ 

My 5th Q. – ‘What principle of sacred geometry is found in both the slope of the Great Pyramid of Giza and in Leonardo’s drawing of the Vitruvian Man?’

‘The principle of the Golden Ratio is found in both the Great Pyramid of Giza and Leonardo’s Vitruvian Man. The Great Pyramid has a slope based on proportions that are linked to the Golden Ratio, while the Vitruvian Man uses this ratio to depict ideal human proportions, symbolizing the connection between man (microcosm) and the universe (macrocosm). 

Golden Ratio

• Great Pyramid:

The slope of the Great Pyramid’s faces is often linked to the Golden  Some modern analyses suggest the pyramid’s dimensions were based on these specific geometric and mathematical principles. 

• Vitruvian Man:

Leonardo da Vinci used the Golden Ratio to depict the ideal human form, believing it reflected the harmonious and orderly principles of the universe. Phi, Pi and the Great Pyramid of Egypt at Giza – The Golden Ratio.

Other concepts

• Microcosm and Macrocosm:

The Vitruvian Man is a direct representation of this principle, as the human figure (microcosm) is shown to be a reflection of the universe (macrocosm) within the geometric shapes of the circle and the square. Some theories also suggest that the pyramids were designed to be a representation of the cosmos itself.

• Triangular/Pyramidal Configuration:

The extended limbs of the Vitruvian Man can be seen as creating invisible triangular or pyramidal lines. This concept is echoed by the three-dimensional pyramidal structure of the Great Pyramid, suggesting a connection between the geometric form of man and that of the universe’. ‘

My 6th Q. ‘What does Squaring the Circle mean and represent in Scared Geometry?’’

AI – ‘In sacred geometry, “squaring the circle” represents the union of opposites—specifically the harmony between the spiritual/infinite (circle) and the material/finite (square). This symbolic act signifies achieving balance, wholeness, and the integration of divine perfection within the human realm, often interpreted as the “marriage of heaven and earth” or the “manifestation of creation”. 

Meaning and symbolism

• The Circle: 

Represents the spiritual, the infinite, the cosmos, and the divine. It is without beginning or end. 

• The Square: 

Represents the material world, the physical body, and finite structures on Earth. 

• Squaring the Circle: 

The process of bringing these two symbols together symbolizes:

• Unity of Opposites: The merging of the conscious and unconscious mind, or the divine and the human. 
• Creation: The transformation of the concept of creation into its physical manifestation, as seen in ancient Egyptian traditions. 
• Equilibrium: Achieving a state of perfect balance between heaven and earth. 
• Wholeness: The spiritual and psychological journey of individuation, a process of becoming whole by integrating all aspects of the self. 

Historical and cultural context

• Ancient Egypt: 

The Egyptians saw it as the realization of creation, using the ratio of an 8-cubit square to a 9-cubit diameter circle, which corresponds to the musical ratio of a perfect tone. 

• Alchemy and Psychology: 

It is seen as the process that creates the “philosopher’s stone” in alchemy, which is analogous to the process of “individuation” in Jungian psychology. 

• Sacred Architecture: 

Ancient builders incorporated the symbolism into structures, seen as a way to encode universal truths and achieve the “marriage of heaven and earth” in stone’

AI – ‘Yes, some warnings for humanity from history may be encoded in ancient art, though the interpretation is often debated. Some argue that ancient art, particularly prehistoric art, conveys warnings through symbolism and narrative, such as representing the dangerous cycle of life and death or the interconnectedness of all living things. Other interpretations suggest that monuments and artifacts hold coded messages about past disasters, as proposed by authors like Graham Hancock. 

Arguments for encoded warnings

• Symbolism and mythology: 

Ancient art frequently encodes messages through symbolism, mythology, and religious narratives, which convey moral lessons, social values, and historical events. Analyzing these elements can reveal hidden meanings and provide insight into the culture that created them. 

• Prehistoric art: 

The “Lion-Man” figurine, for example, may reflect the spiritual understanding of the time, where humans and animals were seen as interconnected spirits, suggesting a message about humanity’s place in nature. The “Warning signs” article by The Conversation suggests that the depiction of animals in prehistoric art may have been a way for early humans to process and remember dangerous situations and improve their survival skills. 

• Coded messages: 

Some theories suggest that ancient monuments and artifacts might contain coded messages about past catastrophic events, such as the Younger Dryas impact event. 

• Symbolic representation: 

The scales in some astrological texts, for instance, can represent the balance between good and evil, success and failure, and the potential for both to coexist within a single system. 

Alternative and counter-arguments

• Symbolism vs. direct warnings: 

Some interpretations of ancient art focus on its symbolic, moral, or spiritual messages rather than direct warnings of disaster. 

• Debated interpretations: 

The theories linking ancient art to encoded warnings, particularly those suggesting a lost advanced civilization, are often considered speculative or pseudoscientific by mainstream scholars. 

• Lack of a key: 

Even when symbols are present, there is no guarantee that we have the “key” to decipher the intended meaning, especially if the code was personal, relied on oral traditions, or has been lost to time. 

Conclusion

While there is no consensus, some experts believe that ancient art may contain warnings about humanity’s relationship with nature and the consequences of our actions. However, other interpretations suggest that this view is too simplistic or speculative and that the primary purpose of ancient art was to communicate beliefs, social values, or religious stories. It is important to remember that while art can be a powerful tool for communicating complex ideas, interpretation is subjective and can vary depending on the individual’s perspective and cultural context.’

My 2nd Q. – ‘Are any warnings for humanity from history encoded in Ancient Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Indian, Chineese and South American Art?’

AI – ‘While there is no definitive consensus on warnings for humanity in ancient art, some symbols and narratives may contain them, though they are often open to interpretation. Examples include depictions of cosmic catastrophes like floods in Mesopotamian and other art, the use of symbolic imagery like the headless figure and vulture at Göbekli Tepe potentially signifying death or catastrophe, and the frequent appearance of mysterious “purses” across different ancient cultures, which could symbolize knowledge or cosmic balance. Examples of potential warnings:

• Mesopotamian art: Depictions of flood myths and powerful symbols like the Ouroboros (a serpent consuming its own tail) often represent cycles of creation and destruction. 
• Göbekli Tepe: Carvings of a headless figure next to a vulture may be interpreted as a warning of death or natural catastrophe. 
• Ancient Chinese art: While often focused on imperial power, art from various dynasties, such as the Terracotta Army, also depicts beliefs about the afterlife and the consequences of a ruler’s actions. 
• South American art: The “purses” or bags found in Olmec and Mayan art have been interpreted by some as holding esoteric or spiritual knowledge, with their widespread appearance potentially suggesting a shared understanding of hidden or dangerous power. 
• Indian art: The concept of the wheel of time (samsara) in Buddhist art, which depicts the cycle of life, death, and rebirth, can be seen as a warning against attachment and the suffering caused by desire. 
• General symbolism: Many cultures use symbolic motifs to represent the cyclical nature of life and death. For example, the widespread appearance of “purses” or bags in ancient art across different civilizations might indicate a shared understanding of a concept like cosmic balance or a warning about holding onto sacred items.’

Important considerations:

• Interpretation is subjective: The meaning of ancient symbols is often a matter of ongoing debate among scholars, with no single “correct” interpretation.
• Cultural context is key: To understand potential warnings, it is crucial to consider the specific cultural and religious context in which the art was created.
• Limitations of evidence: Some ancient texts and symbols are incomplete or have been lost to time, making it difficult to fully understand their meaning. 

It makes me wonder, and this will be the subject of a future blog – whether Mathematics, Geometry, and Colour- together, provide a Universal Key to unlocking these messages?

AI – ‘Yes, the Atlantis story contains anachronisms, with the most significant being the timeline, as Plato places the story over 9,000 years before his own time, which is a massive historical exaggeration. Some scholars also argue that other elements, such as the specific details of the civilization, may be inconsistent or anachronistic because they were likely invented by Plato as a philosophical allegory rather than a historical account.  

Anachronisms in the Atlantis story

• The timeline: 

Plato places the events of Atlantis approximately 9,000 years before his own era, a timeframe considered too ancient for the civilization he describes to have existed in the way he portrays it. 

• Historical inaccuracies: 

The story contains anachronistic elements that suggest it is a fictional allegory rather than a historical record. For example, Plato describes a society that reflects his own philosophical ideas about an ideal state, but places it in a time far before the existence of such societies. 

• The purpose of the story: 

The Atlantis story is part of a Socratic dialogue and is not intended to be a literal historical account. Plato uses it as a cautionary tale and a philosophical allegory to make a point about the dangers of hubris and the ideal form of a state. 

• Possible inspiration for the myth: 

Some scholars suggest that Plato’s story may have been inspired by real events, such as the Minoan civilization’s collapse due to the Thera eruption, or the failed Athenian invasion of Sicily. However, these events occurred much closer to Plato’s time than the 9,000 years he mentions. 

Conclusion

The Atlantis story is best understood as a philosophical allegory with likely anachronistic elements, not a literal historical account. While there may be kernels of historical inspiration, the narrative as presented by Plato is a fictional creation designed for a philosophical purpose, with the most obvious anachronism being the exaggerated timeline.’

My 2^nd Q. – ‘According to Solon did the lost Egyptian Sacred Registers purportedly contain any statements which suggest that Atlantis existed?’

AI – ‘According to the story as told by Plato, the lost Egyptian Sacred Registers did contain statements suggesting that Atlantis existed. The primary source for this claim is Plato’s dialogues, Timaeus and Critias, which state that Solon translated Egyptian records that spoke of the island of Atlantis. 

• Source: 

The story of Atlantis comes to you from the writings of the Greek philosopher Plato, who lived around 360 BC. 

• According to Plato: 

Plato claimed that the Athenian statesman Solon, who visited Egypt between 590 and 580 BC, learned of Atlantis from an Egyptian priest. 

• The Translation: 

Solon supposedly translated ancient Egyptian records that contained the story of the lost island civilization. 

• The Content: 

These records allegedly described an advanced and powerful island nation that was eventually destroyed by a cataclysmic event and sank into the sea.’

My 3rd Q. – ‘What was the source of Plato’s dialogues Timaeus and Critias?

AI – ‘The source of the Atlantis story in Timaeus and Critias is a tradition passed down to Plato from the Athenian statesman Solon, who heard it from Egyptian priests. Plato uses this tradition as the basis for a fictional narrative in his dialogues to illustrate his philosophical ideas, not as a historical account. 

• Primary source: The story’s source is presented as an oral tradition, transmitted from the Athenian lawmaker Solon, who was a visitor to Egypt. 
• Egyptian priests: Solon is said to have heard the tale of Atlantis from Egyptian priests who were knowledgeable about ancient history. 
• Plato’s use of the story: Plato adopted this story to serve as an introduction to his Timaeus, which discusses the creation of the universe. The full story was intended to be continued in Critias, a dialogue that would demonstrate Plato’s political philosophy in practice. 
• Fictional context: The dialogues are not historical treatises but philosophical myths designed to teach lessons about ideal societies and the nature of the cosmos. …

Plato presents it as a story that was originally told to the Athenian statesman Solon by Egyptian priests, and was then passed down through several generations of Solon’s family orally before Plato wrote it down. Plato frames the narrative as a long-standing oral tradition.’

So, Plato presents the story of Atlantis in Timaeus and Critias as a story that was originally told to the Athenian statesman Solon by Egyptian priests, which was then passed down through several generations of Solon’s family orally, before Plato wrote it down. In other words, it appears that the story was transmitted to Plato through a longstanding oral tradition.

‘For most of human history, knowledge was passed down through oral tradition.’ (Leila Amineddoleh, ‘Words Words, Words: Books, Libraries, and the Law’, 28 Chap L. Review, 493 (22025), at 495, citing Patrick D.Nunn, ‘The Oldest True Stories in the Word’ (Oct. 18 2018).

Therefore, if AI‘s reply above is accurate, unless the version transmitted to Plato was based upon fiction, i.e. entirely invented, and provided Plato faithfully repeated what he was told, then logically, it is reasonable to conclude that the story of Atlantis is to an unknown extent, based upon fact. That is because ‘Registers’ – sacred or otherwise, typically record facts, including events, and are not designed to serve as literary devices for allegory.

Furthermore, if the story is allegorical, why would Plato make an allegation about the translation of ancient Egyptian records, i.e. about the Egyptian Sacred Registers, because if the originals existed in his time and were accessible the story could be verified, and if not, i.e. if the sacred registers which did once exist were lost, and one day could be found, they would provide documentary evidence either in contradiction or support of what Solon is reported by Plato to have said. Plato died in around 348/347 BC. 590 minus 348 = 242. In other words, Plato did not meet Solon. So, what he is reporting is not based upon contemporaneous first hand witness testimony.

The Sacred Registers have never been found, and copies may exist in undiscovered monuments which today, lie buried under the sands of Egypt.

The details in the story fit with the geography.

For a further discussion of this apparent coincidence, see the programmes in the Links on the blog.

See:

• ‘The Azores are Atlantis – Carlson & Hancock’: The Azores are Atlantis – Carlson & Hancock
• ‘Atlantis Decoded? Cataclysms, Forbidden History, and Plato’s Secret Code | Randall Carlson’: Atlantis Decoded? Cataclysms, Forbidden History, and Plato’s Secret Code | Randall Carlson
• ‘Solon 11,600 Catastrophe | Egyptian Priests knew America | Randall Carlson *Kosmographia Clips 004.4’: Solon 11,600 Catastrophe | Egyptian Priests knew America | Randall Carlson *Kosmographia Clips 004.4
• ‘Randall Carlson Podcast Ep001 with RC, Brothers of the Serpent, Normal Guy Mike, GCREX admin Bradley’: Randall Carlson Podcast Ep001 with RC, Brothers of the Serpent, Normal Guy Mike, GCREX admin Bradley – YouTube
• ‘Randall Carlson Podcast Ep002 Earthquakes and Luminescent Phenomena’: Randall Carlson Podcast Ep002 Earthquakes and Luminescent Phenomena
• ‘Randall Carlson Podcast 003 Atlantis Mystery – Evidence Revealed Pt1: Geologic Heresy & the “A-word”’: Randall Carlson Podcast 003 Atlantis Mystery – Evidence Revealed Pt1: Geologic Heresy & the “A-word” – YouTube
• ‘Randall Carlson Podcast Ep004 Atlantis Mystery – Evidence Revealed Pt2: Solon and Plato’s Critias;: Randall Carlson Podcast Ep004 Atlantis Mystery – Evidence Revealed Pt2: Solon and Plato’s Critias – YouTube’
• ‘Randall Carlson Podcast Ep005 Atlantis Mystery – Evidence Revealed Pt3: Crustal Shifts and Isostacy;: Randall Carlson Podcast Ep005 Atlantis Mystery – Evidence Revealed Pt3: Crustal Shifts and Isostacy – YouTube

Books:

• ‘Ancient Records of Egypt: vol. 1: The First through the Seventeenth Dynasties’ by James Henry Breasted (Editor), Peter A Piccione (Introduction), John Rockefeller: Ancient Records of Egypt: vol. 1: The First through the Seventeenth Dynasties: Amazon.co.uk: Breasted, James Henry, Piccione, Peter A, Rockefeller, John: 9780252069901: Books
• ‘The Lost Atlantis: and other ethnographical studies’ – August 30, 2024 by Sir Daniel Wilson: The Lost Atlantis: and other ethnographical studies: Wilson, Sir Daniel: 9798337878058: Amazon.com: Books
• ‘Atlantis Location: New Evidence | Graham Hancock & Randall Carlson’: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTd7HS0IRfo